My Philosophical Approach To Counseling Essay -- essays research paper

My Philosophical Approach to CounselingDefinition of experiential TherapyOne survey taken by Corey suggests a definition of existential Therapyinclude two key elementsExistential Therapy is essentially an approach to counseling and therapyrather than a firm theoretical model, it stresses kernel human conditions.Normally, personality development is based on the uniqueness of eachindividual. Sense of self develops from infancy. Self determination and atendency toward growth be control ideas. Focus is on the present and on whatone is becoming that is the approach has a future orientation. It stressesself-awareness before action. (1996, p.465)In layman terms, Existential therapy apprize be described as a philosophicalapproach that is not designed to cure people but instead help the client deliberateand search for value and meaning in life. Existential Therapy does not supply acookbook of methods like other approaches but instead it provides a good examplethat is adaptable to the therapist, in which to view the individual and theworld in which they participate.Definition of Person-Centered (Client-Centered) Therapy According to Mosbys Medical, Nursing, and Allied Health Dictionary,client-centered therapy is a non directive method of group or individualpsychotherapy, originated by Carl Rogers, in which the role of the therapist isto listen to and reflect or restate without judgment or interpretation the wordsof the client.Objectives of Existential TherapyThe objectives of Existential Therapy are quite unique. Existentialcounselors are focused on helping the client achieve and expand their self-awareness. Many Therapist assume once self awareness is achieved, the clientcan examine new ways of dealing with problems and except the responsibility ofchoosing.Objectives of Client-centered TherapyThe objective of client-centered therapy is to assist the client toexperience self exploration, so that they can identify problems that arehindering their growth process. E ssentially, the main goal of client-centeredtherapy is to have the client achieve a sense of increased awareness and taste of his attitudes, feelings, and behaviors.Professional Opinions ... ...ce of Counseling and Psychotherapy. (Rev.ed.). Pacific Grove, CA Brooks/Coleman.Hacker, D. J. (1994). An Existential View of Adolescence. Journal of EarlyAdolescence. 14. (3), 300-327.Kendall, P., & Southam-Gerow, M.(1996). Long-term follow-up of a Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy for Anxiety-Disordered Youth. Journal of Consulting andclinical Psychology. 64.(4), 724-730.Porter, R. L., Wagner W., Johnson, J., & Cox, L. M. (1996). Sexually abusedgirls verbalizations in counseling an application of the client behaviorsystem.CD-ROM. Journal of Counseling Psychology. 43. (4), 383-389. Abstract fromHealth Reference Center. File Number 18987461.Westman, A. S., (1992). Existential Anxiety as Related to Conceptualization ofSelf and of Death, Denial of Death, and Religiosity. Psychological Reports. 7 1.1064-1066.AbstractThis paper examined two philosophical and humanistic approaches I have chosenas my rationale to counseling and psychotherapy. The paper will define andexplain the objectives and techniques of these two dynamic therapies.Furthermore, it will illustrate existential and client-centered therapysimportance in regards to treating adolescence.

smithson :: essays research papers fc

Description of search"Multidisciplinary investigations utilize state-selected atoms"We are a (largely) experimental nuclear natural philosophy research group. We apply atomic physics techniques to a wide range of problems, including* precise tests of visible laws and symmetries* the development of atomic clocks* biomedical and materials science investigations usinglaser-polarized noble mishandle nuclear magnetic ringing (NMR)* laser spectroscopy of co here(predicate)ntly-prepared atomic media,with applications to quantum data* low-energy atomic collisions and* theoretical investigations of Bose-Einstein Condensates.Abstracts for recent research resultsGroup bibliography any(prenominal) ongoing projects are described at the following links* The 129Xe/3He dual noble bumble maser * The 21Ne/3He dual noble gas maser * The cryogenic hydrogen maser * The double-bulb atomic number 37 maser * The coherent population trapping clock * Trapping light in coherently-prepared atom ic media * inquisitory porous media with gas diffusion NMR * Low-field MRI of the lung gas space * Gas exchange in the lung * The dynamics of shaken and flowing granular media * Studies of vortices in Bose Einstein Condensates Some past projects are described here* Polarized xenon in rat lungs and body tissues * Xenon uptake calculations for humans * Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of laser-polarizedliquid xenon and gas-liquid exchangeDescription of Research"Multidisciplinary investigations using state-selected atoms"We are a (largely) experimental atomic physics research group. We apply atomic physics techniques to a wide range of problems, including* precise tests of physical laws and symmetries* the development of atomic clocks* biomedical and materials science investigations usinglaser-polarized noble gas nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR)* laser spectroscopy of coherently-prepared atomic media,with applications to quantum information* low-energy atomic collisions and* t heoretical investigations of Bose-Einstein Condensates.Abstracts for recent research resultsGroup bibliographySome ongoing projects are described at the following links* The 129Xe/3He dual noble gas maser * The 21Ne/3He dual noble gas maser * The cryogenic hydrogen maser * The double-bulb rubidium maser * The coherent population trapping clock * Trapping light in coherently-prepared atomic media * Probing porous media with gas diffusion NMR * Low-field MRI of the lung gas space * Gas exchange in the lung * The dynamics of shaken and flowing granular media * Studies of vortices in Bose Einstein Condensates Some past projects are described here* Polarized xenon in rat lungs and body tissues * Xenon uptake calculations for humans * Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of laser-polarizedliquid xenon and gas-liquid exchangeDescription of Research"Multidisciplinary investigations using state-selected atoms"We are a (largely) experimental atomic physics research group. We apply atomic physics techniques to a wide range of problems, including

Robert Boyle Essay -- essays research papers

Robert Boyle (1627-1691)Robert Boyle was born at Lismore Castle, Munster on 25 January 1627, the fourteenth child and seventh son of Richard Boyle, 1st Earl of Cork. Robert Boyle was improve mainly by tutors and himself. He had no formal university education but read widely and do contact with many of the most important born(p) philosophers of his day, both at home and abroad. He had independent means which enabled him to have his own laboratory and to support apparitional charities. He was active in the ultraviolet College, an informal body devoted to the new philosophy which in 1663 became the Royal Society, of which he was a Council member. He moved to Oxford in 1654, where he set up a laboratory with Robert Hooke as his assistant There he did most of his experimental work until 1668 when he went to live in London with his sister chick Ranelagh.He was made an honorary Doctor of Medicine of Oxford in 1688. In his autobiographical account (Works, vol. 1, pp. xxixxvi) he refl ects on his noble birth that creation born heir to a great family is but a glittering kind of slavery and is ever an impediment to the knowledge of many retired truths, that cannot be reach without familiarity with meaner persons. He indeed developed a keen interest group in the work of artisans because they tend to know more than anyone else about the materials of their trades. He makes a habitual remark about ghostlike beliefs that though we cannot always give a reason for what we believe, we should ever be able to give a reason wherefore we believe it, which is surely a precept that guided his attitude to natural philosophy as well. Boyle was a prolific writer and experimenter on most scientific subjects that were attracting interest at the time. He investigated some alchemical claims about which he was largely skeptical in his published works. He was a devoutly religious man but wrote mainly about practical and ethical religious matters rather than engaging in theological controversy. He argued for the tolerance of different religious beliefs, and spent a good deal of money on propagating the gospel in New England and the Orient, sponsoring translations of the Bible into foreign languages. He published many experimental reports and did original work on chemical indicators, human blood, color, fire, medicine, and hydrostatics. With Hooke he developed Guerickes air pump, which he need... ...paratus. He never claimed to have got very furthermost in providing firm empirical evidence for complex corpuscular comments but he remained optimistic. It has recently been argued, partly on the basis of Boyles unpublished notes, that his interest in alchemy has been greatly underestimated by earlier scholars. It is well known that he attempted to confirm many of the alchemists experimental claims but he is to a fault said to have believed in the existence of the Philosophers Stone and to have accepted some alchemical explanations. It has even been suggested, r ather obscurely, that he saw alchemy as connecting the material world with the spiritual world. (Principe, 1994). In his published work he clearly accepts the possibility of the transmutation of metals but that is because a corpuscular explanation would be readily available. He respects the alchemists experimental work because he strongly approves of the experimental investigation of the natural world and he thinks that the nobler of the alchemists have made important empirical discoveries. His published comments on their theories, their search for the Philosophers Stone, and their penchant for secrecy are usually critical.

Economic Discrimination in Frank McCourts Angela’s Ashes Essay

Economic Discrimination in dog-iron McCourts Angelas AshesAs Jerome K. Jerome once said, It is easy exuberant to say that poverty is no crime. No if it were men wouldnt be ashamed of it. It is a blunder, though, and is punished as such. A poor man is contemn the whole world over. This famous quote describes the way poor people are discriminated against and despised around the world by those who are better off. In the novel Angelas Ashes, by Frank McCourt, the characters are greatly discriminated against by all different parts of society because of their poverty. This makes their constant struggle to survive stock-still harder and prevents them from climbing to the next rung in the social ladder. The poor are discriminated against and held down by the church, school, and their fellow impoverished neighbors, as well as the stay on of the world around them to the point where they often give up trying to get out of poverty all together. Shockingly, the place where the McCourts are m ost discriminated against is the star place where they should feel wanted, loved, and equal to those around them, the Catholic Church. Frank McCourt, the main character who was a young teenager at the time, had the door slammed in his spunk by the Catholic Church on at least two occasions because of his poverty. The first time he is cancelled down by the church, Franks quest is to become an altar boy. The priest declares that the church is not looking for any more altar boys. However, the real reason Frank is turned down is because of his poverty. Angela, Franks mother, is infuriated and exclaims, Ill tell you what it is, Tis class distinction. They dont want boys from lanes on the altar. They dont want the ones with rough knees and hair sticking up. O... ...d them to the point where they often give up trying to get out of poverty all together. The church will not provide them to be in any sort of position in the church, namely altar boys or priests. The school holds them back by putting them into filthy, run-down schools and tenet them very little while drilling into their minds the fact that no matter how hard they try, they cannot survive in life. Unfortunately, even their neighbors hold them back by deter them to try anything in order to succeed and making fun of their impoverishment. The discrimination that they face daily holds them back and eventually stops them from even trying to succeed and better their lives. As Jerome K. Jerome once explained, the poor will be discriminated against, snubbed and despised the world over. WORKS CITED McCourt, Frank. Angelas Ashes. New York Touchstone, 1999.

Essay Grading :: essays research papers

I was going through a bunch of doddery magazines and newspapers this week when I came upon an article about some software that was being developed for teachers to use that would range essays. Over the past weekend I had the fortune to talk to my aunt who was a teacher and college professor before she retired. She said, there is nothing better to assess a students knowledge of a subject, than an essay especially when compared to a true or false or multiple choice exams.Unfortunately, grading essays is extremely time-consuming, and sometimes grading whoremonger be inconsistent. Now there is a computer program that can grade essays as well as human beings according to its developer Thomas Landauer. "From sixth graders to first-year medical students, we set about consistently good results," says Thomas Landauer, a psychology professor at the University of Colorado who has been working on the program for 10 years.The program, developed into its present give in 1997, uses "latent semantic analysis," a type of artificial intelligence based on complex mathematical formulas that attempt to mimic the human speech communication function. Developed by Landauer, psychologist Peter Foltz of New Mexico State University and doctoral student Darrell Laham of Colorado, the program cant get bored, rushed, sleepy or forgetful. And this, Landauer says, gives it perfect consistency in grading.To grade text, operators feed the computer commonplace information about the subject to be tested, which can include from 50,000 to 10 million words entered from course textbooks. The program thusly assigns a mathematical degree of similarity or distance between individual words used by the textbooks and other words in general use. This allows students to use different words that mean the same thing for example, "physician" and "doctor." The program then evaluates essays against sample tests that have already been graded by human instructors and profe ssors. It then takes the combination of words in the student essay and computes its similarity to the combination of words in the essays to come up with a grade.The student can expect a grade similar to the one on the sample essay his work most closely matches. To achieve this, the software uses about a gigabyte of computer memory, or ten times that of the average home personal computer. My computer at home has 128 megabytes of R.A.M (random access memory) so my computer would acquire about eight times more R.A.M to run this program.

Essay Grading :: essays research papers

I was going through a bunch of old magazines and newspapers this week when I came upon an article about some package that was being developed for teachers to use that would grade sees. Over the past weekend I had the opportunity to talk to my aunt who was a teacher and college professor earlier she retired. She said, there is no issue better to assess a students knowledge of a domain, than an essay especially when compared to a true or false or eightfold choice exams.Unfortunately, grading essays is extremely time-consuming, and sometimes grading can be inconsistent. Now there is a computer program that can grade essays as well as humans according to its developer Thomas Landauer. "From sixth graders to first-year medical students, we get consistently good results," says Thomas Landauer, a psychology professor at the University of Colorado who has been working on the program for 10 years.The program, developed into its present form in 1997, uses "latent semantic an alysis," a type of dummy intelligence based on complex mathematical formulas that attempt to mimic the human language function. Developed by Landauer, psychologist Peter Foltz of New Mexico State University and doctoral student Darrell Laham of Colorado, the program cant get bored, rushed, sleepy or forgetful. And this, Landauer says, gives it perfect consistency in grading.To grade text, operators feed the computer general information about the subject to be tested, which can include from 50,000 to 10 million words entered from course textbooks. The program then assigns a mathematical degree of similarity or remoteness between individual words used by the textbooks and other words in general use. This allows students to use different words that mean the same thing for example, "physician" and "doctor." The program then evaluates essays against sample tests that have already been graded by human instructors and professors. It then takes the combination of words in the student essay and computes its similarity to the combination of words in the essays to come up with a grade.The student can expect a grade similar to the one on the sample essay his work most closely matches. To achieve this, the software uses about a gigabyte of computer memory, or ten times that of the sightly home personal computer. My computer at home has 128 megabytes of R.A.M (random access memory) so my computer would need about eight times more R.A.M to run this program.

Negative Responses To Mathematics Education Essay

The intent of this study is to analyse the chief cause of mathssematics panic in colleges and to offer solutions and give recommendations to the cope of the segment of Mathematics and Statisticss at Curtin University. By reexamining professional literature, scholarly diaries, and accredited web sites a give apprehension of the causes and effects of maths uneasiness, this study go forth accomplish the intent by analysing and reasoning the anterior research and give solutions that aimed at these issues. In add-on, the nature of the mathematics in general will withal be considered and accomplice mathematics to professional life.The study will foremost travel into an overview of the issues in mathematics learning and larning before covering with the theorise of the math terror in colleges. A general overview of the nature and societal position of mathematics will be discussed, which will so discipline to a trial run of what universities should make to assist to direct pupi ls attitude and apprehension of mathematics.1.2 Background and recent findingsBecause of its public-service corporation and importance, larning mathematics is described as a necessity for a separate s full development in the twenty-first century ( Kogce et al. 2009, 291 ) . However, the popular image of mathematic as hard, abstract, non really practical, and mostly masculine, etc. Therefore, math terror appears in vary degree of schools. Mathematicss unease is introduced foremost by Dreger and Aiken in 1957 and it is defined as a sequence of cognitive, affectional, and behavioural responses to a perceived self-pride venture which occurs as a response to state of affairss affecting mathematics ( Birgin et al.2010, 1 ) .Mathematicss unease is prevailing among the college pupils population ( Zakaria and Nordin, 2007, 27 ) . Harmonizing to Google-counting, mathematics anxiousness emerges in schools oddly in college has 26,000 happenings ( Brown 2008, 61-92 ) . In add-on, Birgi n et Al. ( 2010, 1 ) kick in found that invalidating attitudes to mathematics or mathematics anxiousness is a barrier in larning mathematics and go toing callings which require mathematics. As a consequence of mathematics anxiousness, impacts like turning away of mathematics, hurt, and intervention with conceptual thought and memory procedures whitethorn scour widen negatively in big life.2.0 Causes & A consequence of mathematics anxiousnessMathematicss anxiousness has been found that whitethorn be affected by many causes, including mathematics, educational and curriculum-related issues, p atomic outlet 18ntal attitudes, encourages, and outlooks toward mathematics ( Baloglu and Kocak 2006, 1325-1335 ) .Numerous researches have analyzed the causes of mathematics anxiousness and the consequences are different from each other. Zakaria and Nordin ( 2008, 27-30 ) have claimed that low mathematics accomplishment commonly accompany the happening of mathematics anxiousness. A pup il may be defeat by his/her ain fright that consequence from changeless bombure in mathematics and do him/her to believe that he/she squeeze out neer make good on it. Further more than, it is besides suggested that the chief cause of mathematics anxiousness has been in learning methods because most mathematics parentages did non encouraged logical thinking and apprehension . It is besides believed that attitude towards mathematics can be one and only(a) of the grounds of math terror ( Kogce et al. 2009, 291 ) . The attitude or value can be affected by instructors or parents. In add-on, powder store force per building block area in mathematics trial should besides be considered when refers to causes of math anxiousness. The force per unit area created by clip restriction is the combination of emphasis may take to uncertainness about how to make the undertaking and fright of failure ( Buxton 1990, 153 ) . purpose 1. Relationship between anxiousness and self-efficacy ( Beginn ing Hoffman, B. 2010 )As displayed above in insert 1, the standardised tonss showed a regressive relationship between mathematics anxiousness and pupils self-efficacy in rifle despatch simple mathematics jobs. It is clear that as anxiousness additions, self-efficacy falls which indicates a strong correlativity between these two points.2.1 Value and attitudeOne of the grounds for mathematics anxiousness is attitude towards mathematics. Students attitudes or values toward math usually come from instructors and parents. Some researches held by universities show that pupils perform cave in when making exercisings in mathematics categories without instructors than the pupils under instructors supervising. Additionally, Buxton ( 1990, 155 ) have argued that instructors should non curtail pupil s thought by stating this is non the manner that written in books or maintain giving the right reply without taking the pupils to believe independently. Otherwise, pupils may experience w eaken and confounding and their motive to prove mathematics jobs tame outing chances may be decreased and conglomerate into fright and turning away.Parents outlooks every bit lots as instructors may besides give pupils force per unit area in mathematics. Parents normally stand in a place to judge their kids and fail to decide the position with expressed statements. For illustration, or so parents show disappointedly on face when kids understand easy in mathematics. Therefore, kids may experience even harder to sire the better of the jobs due to take pare out potency and this turns into dying and turning away.2.2 Lack of understandingHarmonizing to Zakaria and Nordin ( 2008, 27-30 ) , a deficiency of apprehension is one of the chief causes of mathematics anxiousness and that understanding based acquisition is more effectual than drill and pattern . For most pupils, the first clip when they are afraid of oeuvre outing math jobs is when they can non understand the constructs in categories. Therefore, their assurance of larning mathematics may worsen and they lose involvement to get the better of the jobs. Lower accomplishment consequences and a change attitude towards mathematics may ensue from this sort of self-perceptions, which can impact their position of larning mathematics ( Hoffman 2010, 276-283 ) .2.3 Time force per unit areaMany pupils suffer anxiousness when it refers to be giving a certain extent of clip to wind up certain committedness ( Hoffman 2010, 276-283 ) . This can be one of the figures when discoursing about the causes of mathematics anxiousness. For illustration, pupils who familiarized to plow outing jobs without clip restriction might experience dying if they are told to work out jobs rapidly.Furthermore, harmonizing to some surveies, the emotional responses of pupils become intense often when pupils work on math jobs over an extended period of clip ( Buxton 1990, 153 ) . In other words, it is claimed that the more clip pupil s spend on work outing math jobs, the more anxiousness they suffer. Most pupils failed in their mathematics tests due to blowing excessively much clip by worrying about the clip limitation and can non finish all the inquiries. Harmonizing to Hoffman ( 2010, 276-283 ) , the Test Anxiety Inventory ( TAI ) and the Fennema-Sherman Mathematics Anxiety Scale ( MAS ) were co-operating for the Problems Test of mathematics anxiousness. The pupils were required to react to all the points by giving adequate clip. The pupils finished all the inquiries within 30 proceedingss, although no clip bound was locate. Harmonizing to this survey, it can be suggested that job work outing clip limitation can be one of the factors that consequences in mathematics anxiousness.However, Hoffman ( 2010, 276-23 ) suggests that high dying persons may really hold faster problem-solving times . Students may passion to complete the undertaking every bit shortly as possible when they are prompted feelings of dyin g or concern during the work outing mathematics jobs. This may ensue in faster completion of jobs, even though perchance at the loss of truth.3.0 Mathematics & A genderThere is a hypothesis assumes that adult females have more mathematics anxiousness than work forces due to less experience with mathematics. As a consequence, Hoffman ( 2010, 276-23 ) points out that female are less likely to seek chances to work out mathematical job and even mathematics callings, and tend to avoid occupations to make with computing moulds and engineering that unify to mathematics. However, many surveies failed to confirm abundant gender differences in math terror, even though legion surveies support the position that female have more math anxiousness than male ( Baloglu and Kocak 2006, 1325-1335 ) .3.1 grammatical gender StereotypeHarmonizing to Hoffman ( 2010, 276-83 ) , although ability may be the cause of public presentation differences, the pessimistic attitude to a high accomplishment shows females did non try as difficult when work outing mathematics jobs. Some surveies suggest that more male than female enroll in the higher degree of classs in mathematics ( Meece, Wigfield, and Eccles 1990, 60-70 ) .Gender stereotype, one of the grounds why females are much passive in larning mathematics, seems to be the most persuasive 1. Gates ( 2001, 53 ) explains that gender stereotype that maleness associate with ground while muliebrity with alternate attacks is the cause of gender differences in mathematics anxiousness. This difference can impact their feelings in relation to mathematics job resolution. Harmonizing to Gates survey, masculine topic such as mathematics and natural philosophies are seen as difficult by female but interesting by male. Therefore, female pupils may hold the terror of larning mathematics because they perceive it as being hard although they are interested in this topic.In contrast, Hembree s meta-analysis claimed that the negative behaviours asso ciated with mathematics anxiousness were more marked in males than females. In add-on, present research found that the influence of mathematics anxiousness on the accomplishments of males when work outing math jobs is stronger than females ( Hoffman 2010, 276-283 ) .4.0 Teaching mathematics in college Mathematicss anxiousness is prevailing among the college pupils population ( Zakaria and Nordin, 2007, 27 ) . Harmonizing to Google-counting, college pupils have 26,000 happenings of math terror which is the highest among schooling.Zakaria and Nordin ( 2008, 27-30 ) further utter that the chief factor of mathematics anxiousness is learning methodological analysiss. For illustration, a study of Gabriella and Paul Rosenbaum Foundation called The Effect of Singapore Mathematics on Student Proficiency in a Massachusetts School District A a Longitudinal Statistical Examination shows in figure 2 that after introduced the learning course of study of Singapore mathematics ( SM ) , the mathe matics public presentation of pupils with Coded MCAS, who employ to execute bad in this topic improved much better as overall.Furthermore, it is predicted that more than 50 % of the pupils are underprepared when they enrolled in mathematics classs in college ( Baloglu and Kocak 2006, 1325-1335 ) . Therefore, instructors in colleges should stand in a place of guiding and rectifying.Figure 2. component part of pupils with Coded MCAS, with and without SM ( Source Goldman et al. 2009 )4.1 What universities offering presentlyTeachers presents make usage of learning AIDSs and resources such as artworks and theoretical accounts to assist pupils understand mathematical theories and rules ( Gates 2001, 53 ) . Resources are of import because they can supply an image or representation of the figure constructs and ease the apprehension of abstract nature of mathematics. It is argued that utilizing concrete resources in the procedure of larning mathematics can positively increases pupils mat hematics accomplishment and their attitudes towards mathematics ( Kogce et al. 2009, 291 ) .However, the job is whether these resources truly assist apprehension. For case, resource like counters can be used to assist pupils number but the fact is a large figure of pupils can non make mental computation and they focus excessively much on the facets of mathematics of numbering. What s more, another common state of affairs in university mathematics schoolrooms is that non all pupils feel easy to larn mathematics with the aid of the resources and AIDSs and some of them fail to link different facets of math even with the aid of legion graphs and diagrams. Consequently, Gates ( 2001, 125 ) have suggested that a bipartisan interactions between instructors and pupils should be strongly considered. Some pupils may accept the acquisition method given by instructors and neer think by their ain and see whether the present method is the best for them.4.2 Computer as instruction assistanceModer n engineering today is used in most universities help instructors to learn pupils. Computer should be one of the most utilitarian technological beaks in mathematics schoolrooms. Gates ( 2001, 167 ) have demonstrated that whether the usage of computing machine is effectual or non in mathematics is influenced by the categorization of functions of instructors and computing machines. Computers should be a instruction assistance by instructors and controlled by instructors.Computers used as learning assistance provide a figure of advantages to let go of pupils from some troubles during the acquisition of mathematics and cut down their mathematics anxiousness. For illustration, computing machine presents is used normally as an electronic chalkboard for expounding and presentation. As a beginning of assorted information through cyberspace, instructors can seek considerable extend information to assist to better pupils understanding of cognition. Furthermore, Gates ( 2001, 168 ) has besid es stated that in the signifier of exercisings and games, pupils can pattern mathematics accomplishments and better their coherency of different facets of this topic. In add-on, vivid images and presentation by the usage of computing machine resources may increase pupils involvement and cut down their terror of the troubles. A perfect illustration of computing machines assisting larning math is the Integrated Learning Systems ( ILS ) . This system non alone sets exercisings but besides marks the work, evaluates and records advancement, and lead pupils to farther progress work ( Gates 2001, 169 ) .5.0 Mathematicss in our lifeMost people study mathematics until they lose involvement or until they find it excessively difficult for them. Low accomplishment or failure is one state of affairs that doing people reject larning a topic, and believe it s non deserving to try.A However, mathematics is really of import to our life. Selby ( 1995 ) has explained how mathematics works in our day -to-day life individually for assorted facets. For illustration, numeration by manus or with a reckoner is necessary when people calculate weights or sums like money which appears in day-to-day life. Just like work outing mathematics jobs measure by measure, incorrect Numberss that show in one measure of a computation procedure would do all the remainder incorrect. Furthermore, when make fulling the receipts enhancement signifiers, people need to cipher with arithmetic followed the providing instructions measure by step.A Therefore, arithmetic as one portion of mathematics that taught in schools is utile and related to our life.Additionally, people may reason that facets like Algebra and geometry which may utilize with expressions and theories are non related to our life.A However, people should understand expressions or calculation methods needed for loans, pensions and investings, A for store maintaining or purchasing and selling with markups or markdowns Selby ( 1995 ) . What pupils learn in mathematics categories in schools is about understanding how the formulas work and being sensible. By cognizing these, it will offer people more options during gaining, funding or puting money. What s more, statistics, farther subject in mathematics, is really popular nowadays.A A Statistics is utile in theA measurement or appraisal of Numberss and the mistake or fluctuation in the estimations. Such as in the state of affairs of ciphering informations forA productiveness or the monetary value of merchandises, statistics used to connote of import information from values like mean number.A Therefore, as Gates ( 2001, 24 ) stated mathematics is a powerful tool in the universe that we live.6.0 DecisionIt is clear that the causes of mathematics anxiousness can be identified as, viz. , pupils values and attitude to mathematics which can be influenced by instructors, parents and even society pupils apprehension of mathematics constructs in categories and clip restric tion in mathematics tests. There is a figure below helps to exemplify how anxiousness develops and affects pupils acquisition of mathematics. From chase to turning away, there may be a batch of grounds such as pupils find out they are non adroit at mathematics so they refuse to larn any longer, or female pupils may experience larning this topic is non appropriate for them due to gender stereotype. From assurance to anxiousness, unpleasant experience may be the chief cause. This experience may include deficiency of understanding consequence in failure in work outing jobs blamed by parents or instructors as low accomplishments or being compared with talented pupils clip restriction causes emphasis in test, etc. all in all theses causes above may take to failure in mathematics public presentation and turn back to even serious turning away and anxiousness.Figure 3. Math Anxiety Dynamics ( Source Strawderman, W. 2004 )In add-on, there is a strong correlativity between gender differe nces and math terror that males are more likely to go to advanced mathematics classs than females. It has been considered due to gender stereotypes except abilities. However, mathematics is used everyplace in our life and callings. From single measures and disbursals computation to tax income enhancement and funding, we need mathematics as a usher to populate a more choice life.7.0 RecommendationsAfter analysing the relevant issues in this study, assorted recommendations to the Head of the Department of Mathematics and Statistics have been developed due to extended research showing the impacts of mathematics anxiousness on college pupils. These recommendations are possible solutions to and assist pupils to be more confident in their ain ability to understand mathematics and to advance mathematics in the twenty-first century. The undermentioned suggestions can be undertaken to cut down mathematics anxiousness and increase pupils accomplishmentTeacher should develop an encouraging a cquisition environment, free from tenseness and threatening of embarrassment or humiliation. This may cut down the pupils anxiousness about being judged by instructors while doing errors or neglecting to understand. Mathematicss instructor should show a caring attitude to their pupils to assist them get the better of mathematics panic.Test taking schemes should be given suitably might assist pupils to raise their accomplishment and cut down their anxiousness of mathematics trial.Students should set themselves under an test atmosphere when they making mathematics homework on a regular basis. Therefore, when they work outing jobs in tests, clip force per unit area will be reduced and pupils may experience more assurance.Activities in categories should include both independent and group work. Group work helps pupils to exchange their thoughts with pickets and reflecting their apprehension to instructors. Therefore, their jobs can be solved instantly or they may recognize that others have the same job as they do.Teaching AIDSs and resourced should be used efficaciously. Make a connexion of mathematics in schools and new engineerings.Small categories like tutorials should be increased alternatively of go forthing countless prep to pupils to complete after categories. Once pupils confused or make non understand during their perusal, they can non acquire solutions instantly and they may lose the motive to go on. Increasing hours of tutorials may work out this job efficaciously.Word count 2944

Team Assignment

Dry. Michael reenact, a professor of chemistry. After sensing the commercial application of some(prenominal) of his patented Polymer processes, Dry. lay started rank Plastics, Inc. , which initially centre on explore and development. In 1992, Dry. place acquired venture capital and purchased a manufacturing eagerness. rank Manufacturing Inc. Has since grown into a global giving medication that specializes in the manufacturing of molded plastic products. With revenue enhancements in excess of $1 billion, g e genuinelyplacen employs 550 people and has projected annual earnings of $46 million. The organization operates three split manufacturing facilities in Albany GA, Pontiac MI, and a phrase venture In Hang place, China providing products to the Department of Defense, self-propelled parts manufacturers, beverage makers, bottlers, appliance manufacturers, and aircraft manufacturers (Apollo assembly Inc. 2013). Although the associations main office Is in San Jose, Cal ifornia. ordinate Manufacturing Account Models Ordain Manufacturing story modules consist of the following components 1 . General Ledger 2. 3. 5. 8. 10. 2.System) Accounts Pay sufficient Accounts Receivable Order Entry Procurement gross revenue and buy History Invoicing and Shipping payroll department Financial Reporting EDI* (Electronic Data Interchange) Bar code Reading* DEEDS (Executive Decision Support tofu *San Jose Only (Apollo Group Inc. 2013). The history systems utilize by Ordain are disparate at each of the troupes facilities. The San Jose facility uses an Enterprise Resource formulation (ERP) integrated system for manufacturing, dissemination and financial management specifically engineered for plastic and plastic parts manufacturing (Apollo Group Inc. 2013). The packet package is Windows integrated.ERP is a comfortably-known system and many successful organizations use ERP solutions. Ordain could benefit by deploying ERP computer software across the enterp rise. The Michigan facility uses a seller highly-developed software application. Software vendors support software through life style management and stop bread and butter software and applications as new products are developed and released. The vendor who provided Radians software went out of business, and support is nonexistent. The system is a energy Operating system with vacuum cleaner workstations. Finding a nonher vendor to support the systems would be hiticial, if not impossible.The Georgia site has also purchased a vendor developed software and application. This server is hurry a UNIX operating system with Windows client workstations. With this disparity between facilities, the account systems are not running as polish up as Ordain desires. Ordain would like to have a seamless environment for the accounting system system users. Hardcores and conversion-intensive entropy files are used to transfer data between sites. If a hardcopy of data is provided, the employee a t the receiving site often must re-enter the data into his or her system.Many accounting functions are taking considerably prolonged to complete than they should. The audits are overpriced and time-consuming to run. Re maining compliant with new government required reporting is difficult. This situation is unacceptable to the organization and a emend solution is required immediately. Ordain Manufacturing instrument is crucial to its manufacturing processes and budgeting projections. Accounting software shows the current stock in the warehouse and identifies the materials that strike to be reordered.Inventory consists of raw materials, completed materials, tools, parts, supplies, and fixtures. Ordain Manufacturing needs to write precise accountability of its inventory in order to run economically. Ordain manufacturing would benefit by using an inventory software module to see a real-time picture of what inventory is currently in the warehouse and on the manufacturing floors, and what portion of raw material has been processed into unblemished products. This can help with true statement when projecting man-hour requirements, order fulfillment, and shipping quotas.The company can also use inventory software to course of instruction the volume of supplies undeniable to produce products and maintain the equipment. some opposite important accounting software module for Ordain Manufacturing is the Job cost module. Job cost software evaluates specific materials and processes to plant the cost associated with the production off product, such as a plastic bottle. The Job cost software can help determine if any of the associated activities need to be evaluated for competency or if any of the materials can be used more efficiently in the process.Any improvements to efficiency will help increase quickly For example, Petrochemical is an ingredient that comes from oil used to create plastic. If the price of oil rises so will the cost to create plastic and se ll a product make of plastic, such as a plastic bottle. Ordain Manufacturing produces many types of plastics, so the Job cost software is extremely beneficial in confronting changes in a turbulent economy affecting the price of oil used to create plastics.Ordain Manufacturing is a cutting-edge interrogation and development company, which has expanded considerably since its initial inaugural in the early ass. The company has added new manufacturing and production facilities and has expanded its operation worldwide. The previous technologies and practices in use at the geographically separated locations have remained sacrosanct and are vastly different across the company. Ordain Manufacturing will benefit by integrating the finance and accounting subsystems into one Enterprise Resource planning (ERP) system (fig. L).This solution allows Ordain manufacturing facilities and departments to interact together in one communicating in initializeion system. Systems Connected to the Accou nting System Ordain Manufacturing has a genuinely inadequate accounting software system. The companys locations are Georgia, Michigan, California, and a venture in the Peoples Republic of China. Radians facilities need to be connected to a central financial accounting system. The systems currently in place are desperate and inconsistent and include a manual input system that was once updated at the San Jose Corporate facility.This is not an inefficient way to track of any aspect of the accounting operation. Ordain Manufacturing needs an updated financial accounting system that can produce data and reports in a standardized format across all facilities. The reports that are generated throughout the Ordain Manufacturing are accounts account payable, accounts receivable, and inventory. Other accounting aspect that must be alter are payroll, purchase orders and invoicing, vendor information, products, sales, and shipping and receiving.Ordain Manufacturing must accurately maintain its general ledger using Internet access, so that all of the information from the separate facilities is processed and stored at the San Jose headquarters facility. This will ensure that all accounting information is up to date and will provide managers the ability to make violate business decisions. Other accounting information such as employee timeshares, payroll, payouts, vacations and sick leave should be revised to a consistent format across the facilities.Each of Ordain Manufacturing facility accounts receivable and accounts payable must be connected to the central location, so that reports are accurate about payout and revenue owed to the company. Accounts receivables and accounts payable are main accounts for revenue in and out of Ordain Manufacturing corporate office. Connecting this system to the main system would help prevent potential trade cases . All areas to Ordain Manufacturing inventory added to the new system anchor inventory control, such as ordering, stocking, reor dering, replacement, and waste materials.This will maintain information about the availability of stock, what needs reordering during off- period and peak season and what the expectations of customers and vendors are to observe of delivery. This cut down on inadequate of over stocking, purchasing of unused and unnecessary products, and delivery establishes a more efficient response time for customers. abstract of Radians Balance Sheet and Income Statement (Keith) An assessment of Ordain Manufacturing lance sheet provides evidence of consistency for several age with a steady increase of favourableness over the last two.Ordain has added company assets and resources by acquiring additional geographically separate production sites, thus driving up the long term debt estimated over nine million dollars up from approximately a million dollars during the previous year. Through this costly expansion, Ordain was still able to retain a easy realize margin with an increase of approximatel y 11 percent in total stockholders equity from $29,946,992 in 2010 to over $33,447,982 in 2011.This, in itself, makes Ordain very attractive to future stockholders and potential investors. Ordain Manufacturing common stock remains steady from last year at $29,055,488 however, produced an nigh five hundred percent increase in retained earnings. The retained earnings or retained surplus provides the ability for Ordain Manufacturing to reinvest these gains back into the company for reallocated funds or to demoralise the long-term debt from the recent expansions at the acquired production sites and international location.These earnings are critical in maintaining the companys founder, Dry. Ordain, vision to remain the manufacturing leader in research and development. Research and development will be tremendously aided by purchasing new, innovated machinery, high-end information systems and funds for increased research and development. Ordain maintains a grand amount of tangible ass ets for liquidation to include accounts receivable, on-hand cash, inventories, and possessions that are readily available if needed.During the review of the income avouchment, Ordain Manufacturing, successfully increased sales from 2010 to 2011 by 15%, bandage he direct costs of goods sustain a 17% increase. Total operating expenses remained constant, yet the company prospered significantly by a 40% profit before interest and taxes. This is very valuable information to capture company earnings and relay the information to investors. Radians income statement not only captures the profits gained versus injustice ratios, but also it offers insight into the management of the organization.Management at Ordain is currently maximizing use of its resources and capitalizing on the goods sold temporary hookup retaining the ability to plan onward toward he companys goal of maintained its lead in its industry. Radians income statement illustrates a high rate of return for the business sale s and garners a positive spotter of how Ordain is investing and reinvesting the funds directly under managements control. Radians income statement provided a positive report on the specific dates and times, man the balance sheet captured data tort a particular moment in time.Ordain has a diversified customer point of view, and provides high quality plastic products to several private sector customers including automotive parts manufacturers, beverage makers, bottlers, appliance manufacturers, and aircraft manufacturers, and to the Government sector, providing military specification reduces to the department of defense (Apollo Group Inc. 2013). The analysis conducted on Radians accounting system revealed that the company has a very desperate, and mostly unsupported accounting systems.Each facility is handling accounting data using different systems and software. Data that is direct back to the headquarters facility is not formatted consistently or recorded using the same media. O rdain Manufacturing San Jose location uses an effective Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP) solution and it is highly suggested that this system be replicated to he other facilities, or that another ERP solution be examined and considered to take the place of the current system, as well as to be deployed to the other facilities.Ordain Manufacturing would benefit by adding new accounting modules such as inventory, Job cost, and systems manager modules to increase efficiency and provide accurate information for the management to base its decisions on. The new modules would also help decrease the companys dependence on borrowed be d t. Ordain Manufacturing balance sheet and income statement show that the company is in a stable position. As illustrated in the graph (Fig. 2), Radians current ratio has increased over the last two years after dropping in 2009. (Apollo Group Inc. , 2013) (Apollo Group Inc. 2013) In order to continue expansion and increase profitability, Ordain Manufacturing must enhance its operations with efficiency and strategy. A zero-based budget and a performance-based budget would change the direction of the company preventing it from becoming a high risk to lenders, and allowing the company to enjoy profits consistently each year. Ordain Manufacturing value its customers, so it must take tepees to ensure financial reports are accurate, and up to date, providing clear and concise evidence that the company is generating the revenue to be successful.Team AssignmentDry. Michael Ordain, a professor of chemistry. After sensing the commercial application of several of his patented Polymer processes, Dry. Ordain started Ordain Plastics, Inc. , which initially focused on research and development. In 1992, Dry. Ordain acquired venture capital and purchased a manufacturing facility. Ordain Manufacturing Inc. Has since grown into a global organization that specializes in the manufacturing of molded plastic products. With revenues in excess of $1 billion,Ord ain employs 550 people and has projected annual earnings of $46 million. The organization operates three separate manufacturing facilities in Albany GA, Pontiac MI, and a Joint venture In Hangout, China providing products to the Department of Defense, automotive parts manufacturers, beverage makers, bottlers, appliance manufacturers, and aircraft manufacturers (Apollo Group Inc. 2013). Although the companys headquarters Is in San Jose, California. Ordain Manufacturing Account Models Ordain Manufacturing accounting modules consist of the following components 1 . General Ledger 2. 3. 5. 8. 10. 2.System) Accounts Payable Accounts Receivable Order Entry Procurement sales and Purchasing History Invoicing and Shipping Payroll Financial Reporting EDI* (Electronic Data Interchange) Bar code Reading* DEEDS (Executive Decision Support tofu *San Jose Only (Apollo Group Inc. 2013). The accounting systems used by Ordain are different at each of the companys facilities. The San Jose facility uses an Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP) integrated system for manufacturing, distribution and financial management specifically engineered for plastic and plastic parts manufacturing (Apollo Group Inc. 2013). The software is Windows integrated.ERP is a well-known system and many successful organizations use ERP solutions. Ordain could benefit by deploying ERP software across the enterprise. The Michigan facility uses a vendor developed software application. Software vendors support software through lifestyle management and stop supporting software and applications as new products are developed and released. The vendor who provided Radians software went out of business, and support is nonexistent. The system is a VIM Operating system with VACANCY workstations. Finding another vendor to support the systems would be official, if not impossible.The Georgia site has also purchased a vendor developed software and application. This server is running a UNIX operating system with Windows clie nt workstations. With this disparity between facilities, the accounting systems are not running as smooth as Ordain desires. Ordain would like to have a seamless environment for the accounting system users. Hardcores and conversion-intensive data files are used to transfer data between sites. If a hardcopy of data is provided, the employee at the receiving site often must re-enter the data into his or her system.Many accounting functions are taking considerably longer to complete than they should. The audits are expensive and time-consuming to run. Remaining compliant with new government required reporting is difficult. This situation is unacceptable to the organization and a better solution is required immediately. Ordain Manufacturing inventory is crucial to its manufacturing processes and budgeting projections. Accounting software shows the current stock in the warehouse and identifies the materials that need to be reordered.Inventory consists of raw materials, finished materials , tools, parts, supplies, and fixtures. Ordain Manufacturing needs to keep accurate accountability of its inventory in order to run efficiently. Ordain manufacturing would benefit by using an inventory software module to see a real-time picture of what inventory is currently in the warehouse and on the manufacturing floors, and what portion of raw material has been processed into finished products. This can help with accuracy when projecting man-hour requirements, order fulfillment, and shipping quotas.The company can also use inventory software to track the volume of supplies needed to produce products and maintain the equipment. Another important accounting software module for Ordain Manufacturing is the Job cost module. Job cost software evaluates specific materials and processes to determine the cost associated with the production off product, such as a plastic bottle. The Job cost software can help determine if any of the associated activities need to be evaluated for efficienc y or if any of the materials can be used more efficiently in the process.Any improvements to efficiency will help increase pronto For example, Petrochemical is an ingredient that comes from oil used to create plastic. If the price of oil rises so will the cost to create plastic and sell a product made of plastic, such as a plastic bottle. Ordain Manufacturing produces many types of plastics, so the Job cost software is extremely beneficial in confronting changes in a turbulent economy affecting the price of oil used to create plastics.Ordain Manufacturing is a cutting-edge research and development company, which has expanded considerably since its initial startup in the early ass. The company has added new manufacturing and production facilities and has expanded its operation worldwide. The previous technologies and practices in use at the geographically separated locations have remained intact and are vastly different across the company. Ordain Manufacturing will benefit by integra ting the finance and accounting subsystems into one Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP) system (fig. L).This solution allows Ordain manufacturing facilities and departments to interact together in one communicating information system. Systems Connected to the Accounting System Ordain Manufacturing has a very inadequate accounting software system. The companys locations are Georgia, Michigan, California, and a venture in the Peoples Republic of China. Radians facilities need to be connected to a central financial accounting system. The systems currently in place are desperate and inconsistent and include a manual input system that was once updated at the San Jose Corporate facility.This is not an inefficient way to track of any aspect of the accounting operation. Ordain Manufacturing needs an updated financial accounting system that can produce data and reports in a standardized format across all facilities. The reports that are generated throughout the Ordain Manufacturing are accoun ts payable, accounts receivable, and inventory. Other accounting aspect that must be centralized are payroll, purchase orders and invoicing, vendor information, products, sales, and shipping and receiving.Ordain Manufacturing must accurately maintain its general ledger using Internet access, so that all of the information from the separate facilities is processed and stored at the San Jose headquarters facility. This will ensure that all accounting information is up to date and will provide managers the ability to make better business decisions. Other accounting information such as employee timeshares, payroll, payouts, vacations and sick leave should be revised to a consistent format across the facilities.Each of Ordain Manufacturing facility accounts receivable and accounts payable must be connected to the central location, so that reports are accurate about payout and revenue owed to the company. Accounts receivables and accounts payable are main accounts for revenue in and out o f Ordain Manufacturing corporate office. Connecting this system to the main system would help prevent potential trade cases . All areas to Ordain Manufacturing inventory added to the new system establish inventory control, such as ordering, stocking, reordering, replacement, and waste materials.This will maintain information about the availability of stock, what needs reordering during off-peak and peak season and what the expectations of customers and vendors are to receive of delivery. This cut down on inadequate of over stocking, purchasing of unused and unnecessary products, and delivery establishes a more efficient response time for customers. Analysis of Radians Balance Sheet and Income Statement (Keith) An assessment of Ordain Manufacturing lance sheet provides evidence of consistency for several years with a steady increase of profitability over the last two.Ordain has added company assets and resources by acquiring additional geographically separate production sites, thus d riving up the long term debt estimated over nine million dollars up from approximately a million dollars during the previous year. Through this costly expansion, Ordain was still able to retain a comfortable profit margin with an increase of approximately 11 percent in total stockholders equity from $29,946,992 in 2010 to over $33,447,982 in 2011.This, in itself, makes Ordain very attractive to future stockholders and potential investors. Ordain Manufacturing common stock remains steady from last year at $29,055,488 however, produced an almost five hundred percent increase in retained earnings. The retained earnings or retained surplus provides the ability for Ordain Manufacturing to reinvest these gains back into the company for reallocated funds or to lower the long-term debt from the recent expansions at the acquired production sites and international location.These earnings are critical in maintaining the companys founder, Dry. Ordain, vision to remain the industry leader in res earch and development. Research and development will be tremendously aided by purchasing new, innovated machinery, high-end information systems and funds for increased research and development. Ordain maintains a considerable amount of tangible assets for liquidation to include accounts receivable, on-hand cash, inventories, and possessions that are readily available if needed.During the review of the income statement, Ordain Manufacturing, successfully increased sales from 2010 to 2011 by 15%, while he direct costs of goods sustain a 17% increase. Total operating expenses remained constant, yet the company prospered significantly by a 40% profit before interest and taxes. This is very valuable information to capture company earnings and relay the information to investors. Radians income statement not only captures the profits gained versus loss ratios, but also it offers insight into the management of the organization.Management at Ordain is currently maximizing use of its resource s and capitalizing on the goods sold while retaining the ability to plan ahead toward he companys goal of maintained its lead in its industry. Radians income statement illustrates a high rate of return for the business sales and garners a positive outlook of how Ordain is investing and reinvesting the funds directly under managements control. Radians income statement provided a positive report on the specific dates and times, while the balance sheet captured data tort a particular moment in time.Ordain has a diversified customer base, and provides high quality plastic products to several private sector customers including automotive parts manufacturers, beverage makers, bottlers, appliance manufacturers, and aircraft manufacturers, and to the Government sector, providing military specification reduces to the department of defense (Apollo Group Inc. 2013). The analysis conducted on Radians accounting system revealed that the company has a very desperate, and mostly unsupported accoun ting systems.Each facility is handling accounting data using different systems and software. Data that is sent back to the headquarters facility is not formatted consistently or recorded using the same media. Ordain Manufacturing San Jose location uses an effective Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP) solution and it is highly suggested that this system be replicated to he other facilities, or that another ERP solution be examined and considered to take the place of the current system, as well as to be deployed to the other facilities.Ordain Manufacturing would benefit by adding new accounting modules such as inventory, Job cost, and systems manager modules to increase efficiency and provide accurate information for the management to base its decisions on. The new modules would also help decrease the companys dependence on borrowed be d t. Ordain Manufacturing balance sheet and income statement show that the company is in a stable position. As illustrated in the graph (Fig. 2), Radian s current ratio has increased over the last two years after dropping in 2009. (Apollo Group Inc. , 2013) (Apollo Group Inc. 2013) In order to continue expansion and increase profitability, Ordain Manufacturing must enhance its operations with efficiency and strategy. A zero-based budget and a performance-based budget would change the direction of the company preventing it from becoming a high risk to lenders, and allowing the company to enjoy profits consistently each year. Ordain Manufacturing values its customers, so it must take tepees to ensure financial reports are accurate, and up to date, providing clear and concise evidence that the company is generating the revenue to be successful.

The Effect of Pollution on Mount Everest

Nepal is the small, unity of the poorest country of the world. Yet it is very rich in natural resources and scenic dishful including highest ranges of Himalayas. Nepal is the home of the eight highest mountains out often in the world. Mountaineers, trekkers and skilled professionals regularly visit to scale the Mountains in Nepal, which has increased the number of tourist in Nepal. In the last decade, peoples attraction toward the mountaineering has increased a lot, by which number of climbers visiting Mount Everest has also been increased.Due to the change magnitude umber of climbers in the Everest, pollution in and close to the Everest has increased and it needs a special attention to prevent from the pollution. Everest attracts people of all around the world. In the past only few climbers who spang well about the mountains used to come but today most of the interested people who have enough economic sources visit Himalayas to climb the mountain. check to Norbu Sherpa, a moun tain tourist guide, people come to climb Everest as they want to be famous scaling the tallest mountain in the world (Wawahare).In the primal 2000s the number f tourist arriving to Nepal was around 400,000 but in last two years people flowing to Nepal has increased rapidly reaching around 900,000 nearly triple of starting 2000s as per the statistics given by the Nepal Tourism Statistics in 2012 (Ministry of Culture, Tourism and Civil Aviation ). As the numbers of climbers has increased, pollution in the highest portion of the peaks has been increased. pollution in the Everest includes foods, plastics, cans, gas tanks, papers, climbers equipment, human excreta, and also dead bodies of climbers. According to Norbu Sherpa in the article, A Conversation with Mountain Guide Norbu Sherpa, if the flow of the climbers is frequent, more and more waste is created (Wawahare). The article Everest Maxed Out published on June 2013 in National Geographic Magazine by Mark Jenkins provides informa tion about his upgrade on Everest and the flow of climbers he saw near camp Ill and pollution in the Everest.Jenkins says, The two standard routes, the Northeast Ridge and the Southeast Ridge, are non only dangerously crowded but also disgustingly polluted, with garbage leaking out of the glaciers and pyramids of human excrement befouling the high camps. And then there are the deaths. Pollution due to death of climbers happens especially due to certain change in weather and climbers who is less experienced or trained. Despite of being polluted, Everest fascinates and attracts the climbers toward it every year.As the increasing numbers of trekkers and climbers in the Everest has led to the pollution, government should try to clean up all the wastes in the Everest utilizing the revenue they had earned from the tourism industry. Norbu says, the government earnings through and through tourism has not been utilize in mountains nor for benefit of Sherpas (Wawahare). Government should m ake strict rules and laws to punish the people who makes pollution in the Everest.If the Climbers did not bring bear their all used equipments and the trash from Everest they should lose their deposit money and Sherpas should be rewarded if they brought wastes to the lower base of Everest. And also government, mountaineering agencies should limit the number of people climbing the mountain in every season or month which forget not only helps to control pollution but also maintains the traffic Jams in Everest. A climbers, guides and Sherpas should be provided trainings to handle the severe eather condition in mountain so that deaths in the mountains decrease.Decreasing the number of deaths and limiting the number of climbers on Everest pollution leave behind be controlled and also government needs to be aware about the pollution on Everest and utilize their revenue for reducing pollution in mountains. Everest is one of the main factor that world recognizes Nepal, so every concerned individual as well as government and agencies should control pollution. Controlling pollution it will not only preserve the beauty of Everest but also more people can have the glory to scale the Everest in future.

Accounting Essay 7

At the end of 2011, retained earnings for the Bisk Company was $1,750. Revenue clear by the political party in 2011 was $2,000, expenses stipendiary during the period were $1,100, and dividends paid during the period were $500. Based on this information alone, retained earnings at the beginning of 2011 was pic pic $850. picpic $1,350. pic $4,000. pic $2,150. GAAP stands for pic pic chiefly Authorized Auditing Principles pic Government Authorized Accounting Procedures pic Generally Applied Accounting Procedures picpic Generally Accepted Accounting Principles The total equity of Timberlake Company at the beginning of 2011 amounted to $3,500.During 2011 the company reported net income of $1,800 and paid a $500 dividend. If retained earnings at the end of 2011 is $2,200, what was beginning contri neverthelessed capital? pic pic $2,100 pic $3,100 pic $400 picpic $2,600 Which of the spotline could represent the effects of an asset source transaction on a companys financial statements? pic pic pic pic pic pic picpic pic pic pic The Mason Company is a manufacturer of fine home furnishings.Which term best describes Masons role in society? pic pic Regulatory authorisation picpic Conversion Agent pic Consumer pic Resource Owner Which of the following could describe the effects of an asset exchange transaction on a companys financial statements? pic pic pic pic pic pic picpic pic pic pic Which of the following groups has the primordial responsibility for establishing generally accepted throwawaying principles for business entities in the United States? pic pic U. S. Congress. pic Internal Revenue Service. picpic Financial Accounting Standards Board. pic International Accounting Standards Board. During 2011, Childress Company earned $800 of coin revenue, paid $400 of cash expenses, and paid a $200 cash dividend to its owners. Based on this information alone, pic pic net income amounted to $400. pic total assets increased by $200. pic pic cash inflow from operating activities was $400. pic all of these are correct. Dividends paid by a company are shown on the pic pic income statement. picpic statement of changes in stockholders equity. pic statement of cash flows. pic both b and c. Asset use transactions always involve the payment of cash. pic picpic True pic False The Sarbanes-Oxley Act includes several significant reforms that affect the auditing profession, but it did not reduce an audit firms ability to provide non-audit services to its audit clients. pic pic True picpic False Which of the following is not a common feature of honest misconduct? pic pic The capacity to dimensionnalize. pic The presence of an opportunity. pic The existence of pressure leading to an incentive. picpic The existence of a strong system of internal controls. After closing, only balance tack accounts have non-zero balances. pic picpic True pic False After closing, only balance sheet accounts have non-zero balances. pic picpic True pic False Policies and procedures designed to reduce the opportunities for fraud are lots called pic picpic internal controls pic accounting principles pic asset source transactions pic financial systems Aaronson Company experienced an accounting event that affected its financial statements as indicated below pic Which of the following accounting events could have caused these effects on ABCs statements? pic pic Recognized accrued salaries owed to employees. picpic Earned revenue on account. pic Issued common stock. pic Purchased equipment on account. The ethical standards for certified unexclusive accountants simply require that such accountants comply with applicable laws and regulations. pic pic True picpic False Which of the following is not a component of the fraud triangle? pic pic Rationalization pic insisting pic Opportunity picpic Trust The purpose of the accrual basis of accounting is to pic pic Improve the companys earnings per share. pic pic Report revenue when received. pic Improve the matching of revenue and expense in the proper period. pic Report expenses when cash disbursements are made. A liability account normally has a debit balance. pic pic True picpic False The financial statement proportionality that may be of greatest interest to a companys stockholders is the amount of its return on equity. pic picpic True pic False A high value of the debt to asset ratio may indicate that a company has a high level of debt risk. pic picpic True pic False Which of the following errors would cause the debit side of a foot race balance to be larger than the reference work side? pic pic Revenue earned on account was recorded with a debit to Cash and a credit to Revenue. pic Purchase of supplies on account was recorded with a credit to Supplies and a debit to Accounts Payable. picpic Land purchased with cash was recorded with a debit to the Land account and a credit to Accounts Payable. pic None of these. The Armstrong Corporation recorded a business event using T-accounts as follows pic Which of the following reflects how this event affects the companys financial statements? pic pic picpic pic pic pic pic pic pic pic When a company receives cash in advance from a customer, it should debit Cash and credit Accounts Receivable. pic pic True picpic False The left side of a T-account is known as the pic pic Claims side picpic Debit side pic Credit side pic Equity side Debits decrease asset accounts. pic pic True picpic False Double instauration accounting requires that every entry must include at least one debit and at least one credit. pic picpic True pic False KMR Company provided repair service of $2,800 to a customer who paid $1,300 and promised to pay the remainder next month. Which of the following journal entries correctly records this transaction? pic pic pic picpic pic pic pic pic pic

Mittal Steel in 2006

Mittal Steal in 2006 Changing the Global Steel Game Industry abridgment Although steel was a exceedingly demanded favourable, the effort as a whole was largely unprofit competent. One reason for this was that the industry remained highly fragmented in pedigree to their suppliers and even some of their buyers, who were considerably more consolidated. Aside from the increased disputation that fragmentation contri exactlyed to, it overly degraded the steal industrys bargaining strength to raw material suppliers and in some cases, such as the auto industry, the buyers.The resulting high fixed costs, volatile raw material prices, and intense price competition fueled unstable profit competency. Adding to the fragmentation issues was a lack of differentiation in the market. For the longest time there were really only two employment possibilities. One, cosmos verti discovery integrated and producing higher-grade steel at a higher cost of operation, or two, de-verticalize and focus on low cost, low-grade steel production. Dep containing on the production selected, the resulting accessible customer base was limited.This lack of differentiation further fueled the limited bargaining power of steel manufacturers. As stated above, steel was highly demanded. The problem was that the growth of that demand remained quite stagnate for nearly 20 years. It wasnt until the explosion of growth in the Chinese construction industry, attributing to 25% of bestow steel consumption, that the steel industry saw any profitability. In an industry where customers demand a low cost and a consistent product, being able to maintain a reliable supply while being as cost efficient as possible was key to a firms success.Though there was a spike in Chinese demand, only those strategically positioned could access the true value of the Chinese market. This was because the steel industry operated primarily on an intra-regional basis. Many factors attributed to this, but a firms dependence o n raw material access, and trying to avoid high transportation and tariff costs, as well as delivery lags, were the primary reasons for high regional trade. In order to access the benefits of regional trade, firms had to expand their operations through high FDI in the form of M&As.This gained them access to highly profitable regions and it allowed firms to spread their risk over a larger area, reducing the impact of demand fluctuations in one bad-tempered region. The reason legion(predicate) of these M&A opportunities existed was because of a major shit from government delivered steel lay downs to privatization. Through privatization, FDI opportunities became possible in many countries, then make intra-regional trade more accessible and attractive. Consolidation & Integration Recognizing that the dynamics of the market were changing, LNM was quick to take advantage.He was steadfast in his belief that they only air to create sustained success was through consolidation and integ ration. With increased privatization opportunities available, LNM began a series of M&As that would gain him access to regions that were highly profitable, had refuse labor costs, and would position him to fox higher bargaining power with suppliers. LNM made the first moves in the industry toward consolidation, and was this strategic initiative that has since driven the evolution of the industry to where it is today.A major source of value creation was derived from their technological lead in DRI. LNM decided early on to focus their operations around integrated minimills, which was untraditional at the time. Through this structure he was able to capture the maximum value of his operation, using scrap in the minimills, then reverse integrating into DRI. formerly unreliable, DRI technology had advanced so much that its output was now comparable to the property of integrated steel plants.This technology stronghold submitd them better quality steel at a cheaper cost of production, providing them with a huge competitive advantage. Additionally, It was this technology, aided by a proven SWAT team and protocol, which supported their ability to transform underperforming government owned plants to profitable ones in a short period. LMNs initial approach was to resurrect distressed government owed plants then snorkel breather new life into them through technology sharing and smart practices.He soon sought larger targets that would provide him not only economies of scale, but also provide competitive advantages through geographical scope. Starting with Karmet, he began to shift his targeting toward plants that were either highly integrated, possessed significant mineral rights, or supplied a strategic geographic advantage. Through designing their activity architecture in this way, Mittal steel became the worlds largest and most integrated steelmaker providing strong positions in North America, Europe, Asia, and Africa.The result of their strategic positioning, uni te with their focus of coordination through KIP and KMP, made Mittal the first firm in the industry to operate as a transnational organization. Each plant provided its own uniqueness, providing different capabilities and skills that could be harnessed for the good of the whole organization. There was also a heavy flow of people, materials and finances between the interdependent plants, but at the center of it all was the Mittal Steel directing tight coordination and a dual-lane strategic decision making process. On a regional level, they operated through regional hubs.This allows Mittals positioning of adjacent plants to source from the same suppliers, increasing their bargaining power and reliability of supply, while not jeopardizing cannibalism of sales as each plants customer base was unique to their location. Mittals vertical integration in mining and low cost position helps support profitability and helps to lop capital expenditure inevitably. They are the most diversified st eelcompany in the world in terms of assetlocation and market presence. They also have a diverse product range, including both flat and long steel.As such, Mittal is not overly dependent on any singleregion, product, or end market. These benefits are somewhat mitigated however by the risks associated with Mittals rapid expansion through acquisitions. These include such things as institutional risks associated with emerging markets and uncertainties regarding the integration of newly acquired assets, although Mittalsintegration track record has been successful to date. Arcelor Acquisition In light of the above information, I believe that Mittal should pursue the Arcelor acquisition aggressively.Mittal Steel & Arcelor accompaniment each other in terms of geographical coverage and product mix, as there is no significant overlap. Mittal has strong positions in the U. S. market affordable operations in Central andEastern Europe, Asia and Africa and vertical raw-material integration. Arc elor is the leader in higher value-added products with strongholds in Western Europe and Brazil, as well as a focus on Russia, India, and China. I believe that the positioning of Arcelors plants and resource capabilities would integrate nicely to Mittals activity architecture.There would be very minimal duplications of effort, and many of the regions that Arcelor operates are in prime locations to source raw materials. The addition will only strengthen Mittals integrated transnational value chain. Through acquisition, Mittal would start nearly 110 million tonnes of steel per year, making them three times as large than their next competitor. Although this can lead to diseconomies of scale, in Mittals case, as the largest player in the steel industry both globally and in the key markets, the combined group would enjoy significant bargaining power.Additionally, through shared expertise, the combined entity would be in a better position to develop the high growth region of China and So uth East Asia. Arcelors adhesion with Nippon and Mittals acquisition of Karmet and stake in Valin will provide access to critical Asian markets. Regardless of the synergies the acquisition will create, caution still needs to be exercised by Mittal. There are evident signs that the acquisition will not be welcomed by Arcelor, assuming that Mr. Dolles canceled meeting and unreturned phone call was an indication to his temperature on the proposal.If the acquisition turned hostile there is a good chance Mittal would have to overpay for Arcelor, which could have adverse affects to it investment ratings. At the current bid price Mittal would already have to leverage 5 billion and would be in debt by 11. 5 billion. Although they have a good track record of ROI and the industry as a whole has seen a spike in ROIC, they do not want to spend more than they have to. Despite the favorable history and perceived synergies, Mittal should pay at a maximum 27. 1 billion for the deal. They should ob viously try to pay as fold up to the current bid as possible, but at 27. billion they are still in a position where they could access the capital needed devoted their successful history. Also, at the mark of 27. 1 billion their debt would raise to 20 billion, but with an EBITDA of over 5. 5 billion annually, not to mention the added revenues from the acquisition, the debt could be confidently paid off in a reasonable timeframe. If the bidding exceeds the mark of 27. 1 billion, the negotiations should be ceased and Mittal should pursue other opportunities to continue their global footprint expansion.

Analysis of UK and Pakistan Education System Essay

UK is one of the renowned trading power and monetary hub of the world, stands at tertiary position in European Union following Germany and France. The agriculture arena of the region is particularly strong and mechanized. Its efficiency can be ensured through the end product of 60 percent food needs with only 2 percent of workforce. The region has significant energy resource but due to increasing demands it is trade energy from 2005. The insurance and financial institutes in addition to bank be generating the largest portion of GDP of the region.The new-made financial crises particularly influenced the economy of the region during 2008 because of the financial sector of the region (www. cia. gov). Literacy rate of the region is 99 percent eon 5. 5 percent of GDP is fixed for the development of teaching method sector. According to much(prenominal) percentage of GDP it stands at 44th position as compare to other countries (www. cia. gov). There were 89 universities and 131 h igh genteelness institutes operating till marvelous 2011 (www. universitiesuk. ac. uk).The expansion in higher information system of the region is relatively slow as compared to the other countries competing with the region according to the report of Organisation for economical Cooperation and Development (OECD, 2007). There are several countries coming up with importantly higher number of college and universities although the growth of education sector in recent age in UK is in addition re jellable. The increase in the educational institutes positively influence the graduation rate in UK as it was 37 percent during the year 2000 and reached upto 39 percent in 2005.On the other hand the position of the region was dropped from 3rd to 10th position as compare to around 20 countries while considering the educational performance (www. guardian. co. uk). The recent financial crises negatively influenced all the sectors therefore the government was planning to reduce the educational expenses by 25 percent during the upcoming four years. It was mentioned the chancellor that the reduction in the budget for educational sector depends on the treatment with the other sectors which are influencing the budget of the region.No guarantee of not cutting the educational budget was given by the chancellor. It was further mentioned by the government official that the possible saving through reduction in wellbeing budget may positively facilitate in reducing percentage of cut in educational budget (BBC, 2010). UK is also famous as an adore education provided all around the world and students of different continents are presently completing their education in UK. Recently the government particularly focus the in-migration process of students for making amendments.The seniors of UK education sector that the shift of government towards Tier 4 student in-migration program may adversely effect the higher education institutes and the whole economy. The government particularly deployed for deciding about the student visa system of UK according to the new rules and policies. In addition the numbers of immigration given to the skilled workers also threatened the education sector because the student which will not take higher education may reduce the range of universities and it will be quite difficult for the region to compete with the other countries as far as the educational sector is concerned (www. orkpermit. com).Pakistan is facing painful law and order situation in addition to political disputes which negatively influencing the trend of foreign investment. The recent energy crises are also one of the factors which sternly effecting the overall development of economy. The unemployment rate according to the government is 6 percent but the real rate is very high because of the slow economic development. During the recent years the growth of the country significantly reduced while the inflation rate is particularly increasing. On the other hand food p rices have also remarkable increased.The UN Human Development Report estimated the poverty during 2011 around 50 percent population. The inflation rate was recorded at 7. 7 percent during 2007 which was cut across 13 percent during the year 2011. The currency value of Pakistan has rock-bottom by 40 percent since 2007 due to such circumstances (www. cia. gov). The education facilities in Pakistan are although developing but still require significant attention to compete with the global market. The literacy rate of the country is very low and estimated as around 50 percent in which 63 percent are males while remaining are females.The government declared 2. 7 percent of annual GDP for the education sector so that further schools can be developed and established according to the need of population. Keeping in view the expenses declared for education sector as compared to the remaining world the country is at 142nd position which is considerably low rank (www. cia. gov). Ministry for e ducation is performing critical role for the development education sector in Pakistan. The key aim is to promote education according to the policies and plans defined by the management of the firm.Under this ministry education policy for 1998-2010 was prepared for significantly focusing the overall development educational sector within Pakistan. In this policy the education of the nation and Islamic knowledge was particularly focused for middling development. Literacy, non-formal, elementary, secondary and teacher education were also included. The government particularly focused vocational and technical education in addition to higher education for the students so that the need of the market can be fulfilled.The government also particularly focused the private sector which is consistently and rapidly developing within Pakistan for providing upto the mark quality education to the nation (http//www. moe. gov. pk). The higher education sector of Pakistan is facing problems due to sign ificant reduction in the budget during the last two years (2010 and 2011). Presently the government is spending around 1. 8 percent of its GDP on education and in the world there are only six countries found which are following Pakistan.The upcoming problems for the education sector of Pakistan are further critical as the government has planned to devolve the higher education system to the provinces till 2014. It will be a huge loss to the upcoming generation as the standard of education will be decreased in addition to huge wastage of money invested for the development of the sector. The policies of the government are negatively effecting the development of education sector although there is crucial requirement of commutation authority which ensures the development of education sector (newsweekpakistan. com).

Defiance and Resistance Essay

In both works The Crucible and The Bride Price by Arthur milling machine and Buchi Emecheta, superstition and hysteria play key roles in destroying the morale of the Puritan and African communities. The setting in which both take place in amid pre and post modernization effect the odd behavior demonstrated. In both texts, behavior different from that which is customary and studyed is interpreted as supernatural witchcraft. The misgiving of the unknown as well as jealousy fashions agitation, which in turn provokes individuals to turn on one a nonher going against determine and beliefs.In the play-write The crucible, Miller demonstrates the theme of the story which was rising over adversity, and standing for the truth all the same to death. Miller is displaying his interpretation of rise over adversity done John Proctor. John, in the beginning, wanted to keep distant from the trials. He did not want to get in touch or disregard his personal values by cosmos part of the trials. When Elizabeth was arrested, he was forced to become part of it. He went to court first to set his wife free but after watching the proceedings, he saw that the evil was not only being done to his own wife but many others exchangeable his wife.As a result, he worked even harder to free the other innocent people, getting himself arrested. Despite this drawback, he did not give up. He had the chance to free himself if he testified against the others but he agnise that this would be revile, and even though he wanted to free himself, he would not if it meant bringing trouble upon others. He cleansed himself at the trial, standing for what he knew was advanced and died a righteous person. Though he stayed away from church, he became more pure than the common Puritans, dying as a martyr like the original apostles.He learned what truth meant through his suffering. In the novel, The Bride Price, Emecheta displays defiance and resistance through her protagonist, Aku-nna. In the Ibuza cu lture, it is not proper to marry or even associate ones self with an oseu. As the story builds to a climax, so does Aku-nnas courage build. Her courage, in turn, builds her defiance. After Aku-nnas menstruation has become everyday knowledge, she refuses to eat the chicken that has been slaughtered in her honor. At this point in the story, Aku-nna registers what very well might have been her first defiant thought.She was beginning to feel that it was unjust that she was not to be allowed a say in her own life, and she was beginning to hate her mother for being so passive about it all. As she stands in front of Okoboshi, the young man who has kidnapped her as a potential bride, Aku-nna loudly and forcefully speaks out in an attempt to save herself. It is out of fear of not only being raped but also of being deprived of ever seeing Chike again that she finds her voice and creates a story so sensual that Okoboshi leaves her alone.The vile story that she creates is a lie, but the lie represents the epitome of her defiance. She tells Okoboshi that she is not a virgin and, furthermore, she lost her virginity to a descendant of a slave. In so doing, Aku-nna risks everything, possibly even her life. Her uncle would surely kill her on sight but if she was forced to live with these people for long, she would soon die, for that was the intention behind all the taboos and customs.Anyone who contravened them was damp dead and when you were dead, people would ask Did we not say so? Nobody goes against the laws of the land and survives. Although Aku-nna has made her own choice to run away from her arranged marriage and marry Chike against her parents wishes, she cannot let go of the myth that plagues her If a girl wishes to live long and see her childrens children, she must accept the husband chosen for her by her people if the bride price was not paid, she would never survive the birth of her first child (168).Though Chikes father offered to pay Aku-nnas bride price, h er uncle simply refused to accept it, and therefore cursed her to die. In the end of the story, Aku-nna dies in childbirth, and her legend is used to further reinforce the threat of grim results for women who make their own choices. These stories remind its readers of an fearful blemish on human history. It reminds one that man is not perfect, and that we can make mistakes. However, even with these mistakes, we can cleanse ourselves and purify ourselves by making what is wrong right.As in The Bride Price where Aku-nna stands for what she believes in and what she loves and John Proctor standing for what he valued, both were defiant against their setting or community. The sufferings become to the sufferer like a crucible, and one must pay the price be it a bride price or the price of life. Show watch only The above preview is unformatted text This student written piece of work is one of many that can be found in our GCSE Miscellaneous section.

Neolithic Revolution Essay

The Neolithic Revolution was a great change from pursuit and gathering to civilization because of discovery of agriculture. The Neolithic Revolution was an important turning point in archives because it allowed mint to create civilization. About 10,000 BCE, humans began to cultivate crops and domesticate certain animals this was a change from the corpse of hunting and gathering. It brought changes to human society and culture. The people of this era were called nomads. The nomads would settle down in fertile areas and river valleys. close to of the first signs of technology began to appear around this time as well. During the Paleolithic Period, which lasts from the beginnings of human life until virtually 10,000 BCE, people were nomads. They lived in groups of 20 -30 and spent most of their time hunting and gathering. The nomads were people who were constantly moving. Nomads go according to season and migrating animals. Its true that in human societies the business of huntin g and gathering has mingled specialization, with men doing the hunting and women much of the gathering.All humans, unlike most animals, carry the food home and look at it, rather than consume it. Nomadic people didnt have very many possessions for example you could further bring what you could carry. It was a slow population growth in this time, since no one rightfully colonized down. Since people were constantly moving and struggling to survive, advancements in technology were extremely slow. The nomadic people really only had tools for digging, spears, knives, and clubs. When people switched from hunters and gathers to solid ground and agriculture it was a big turning point in history. lapidate tools were a root to this vast change in lifestyle. Humans moved from bone and fur tools to match tools. The first farmers relied on slash-and-burn agriculture, that involves the cutting and burning of plants in forest to create fields. Then after a while people started to use normal farming techniques. In order to use these techniques warm climate, water, and fertile soil was necessary.That was the reason people colonized down by river valleys. The discovery of farming led a surplus of food this would be the first time ever seeing one. In a farming lifestyle, men spent most of their time outside the home in the fields or work with animals. The women worked in the home processing food, making clothes, and caring for children. Womens status declined as men took the charter in in most areas of these early societies. The crops they raised depended on their location, and developedagriculture independently at different times The technology and social organization of the Neolithic Revolution remained the basis of all civilization. The peoples tools and skills had advanced sufficiently for cultivating people to support towns with over one thousand people. Humans straight off had to stay in one place, aside from moving to more fertile land, to raise crops and domest icate animals. lowly sedentary farming villages created the conditions necessary for development of cities.Nomadic people settled down in villages and make families which eventually led to a market rise in population and town life. Scholars created a ashes of knowledge and writing, division of labor, trading economics and development of art started to occur. Farming now allowed members to abandon subsistence activities and move artisans, merchants and priests. Neolithic Revolution people could work in specialized trades such as metalworking or act as religious leaders. Cities arose with trade, markets, government, laws and armies. For the first time, people could spend their working lives focused on something other(a) than survival. The Neolithic revolution was the most important development in human history. The way we live today, settled in homes, close to other people in towns and cities, protected by laws, eating food vainglorious on farms, and with leisure time to learn, e xplore and invent is all a result of the Neolithic revolution, which occurred virtually 11,500-5,000 years ago.